1. The Lingnan School of painting is originated in the Northern part of China.
False
The Lingnan School of painting has its origin in the southern part of China and is one of the key elements of Lingnan Culture. Its roots can be traced back to the late 19th century when Chinese painting faced challenges from foreign cultures. The pessimists regarded the Western culture as superior to the home-grown and the traditionalists insisted on integrity of Chinese culture and resisted any changes. Standing in the middle was a group of forward-thinking group taking a mediated approach to defend the tradition, and at the same time, was modest enough to adopt what other cultures had to offer.

With the help of three master artists, Gao Jianfu, Gao Qifeng and Chen Shuren, together they founded the Lingnan School of painting in the southern region of China during the early 20th century. The three traveled to Japan, a more easily accessible foreign nation, and studied with Japanese counterparts the theory of Western paintings such as perspective, ratio and spatial arrangement. They integrated these Western techniques into Chinese ink paintings and developed their own style. Hence the Lingnan School of painting is called "mediation" school.
  1. Professor Au Ho-nien is the 4th generation successor of the Lingnan School of painting.
False
Professor Au is the third generation successor of the Lingnan School of painting. His mentor is Master Chao Shao-an and Chao's master is Gao Qifeng. Gao Qifeng, together with Gao Jianfu and Chen Shuren founded the Lingnan School of painting in the early 20th century. Professor Au is recognized as the contemporary representative figure of the Lingnan School of painting and he has devoted himself to advocate the school to Taiwan and other overseas countries. For example, in the University of Indianapolis in the USA, there is a Master Au Ho-nien museum where he donated some of his art collections for exhibiting in the museum.
  1. The earliest works of Prof Au on display in this exhibition is "Water Hyacinth" 1955.
True
This painting "Water Hyacinth" was made in 1955 when Professor Au studied painting under Master Chao Shao-an. One can see Professor Au's exploration of art styles in his early stage of career when he used both meticulously executed fine strokes in delineating the leaves, and took a more spontaneous approach in brushstrokes for depicting roots dipped in water.
  1. Professor Au studied painting under Master Chao Shao-an in Hong Kong in the 1950s.
True
Professor Au moved to Hong Kong with his parents in 1950 when he was a teenager and was apprenticed to Master Chao Shao-an in 1952. In 1960, Master Chao Shao-an was invited to visit the USA and held exhibitions there. Therefore Master Chao entrusted him with teaching his painting classes at the Chinese Literature Department of the Chung Chi College, where he met his wife Chu Moo-lan, Chinese painting artist.
  1. The most recent works of Prof Au on display in this exhibition is "The Yangtze River" 2012.
True
Professor Au travels extensively to create sketches of nature. When the barriers between mainland China and Taiwan no longer exist, he tours around China's well known mountains and rivers. His latest works of "The Yangtze River" 2012 demonstrates the change in Professor Au's painting style throughout his long artistic career, where bold use of ink and minimal execution in brushwork are fully expressed in his late years.
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